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Sycope dictionary

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Zero-Day Exploit

Code or technique that abuses a flaw the vendor does not know about, with no patch yet — the attack happens before the flaw is disclosed and fixed.
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VLAN

Logical Layer 2 split of a network into separate broadcast domains, regardless of where devices physically sit; frames are tagged per IEEE 802.1Q, and traffic between VLANs needs Layer 3 routing.
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TTPs

Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures — a description of how an attacker operates across three levels (goal, method, execution), used in MITRE ATT&CK, threat hunting, and attribution.
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Top Talkers

Hosts, applications, or conversations that generate the most network traffic; identified from flow data such as NetFlow, IPFIX, and sFlow.
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Ransomware

Malicious software that encrypts files and demands payment for decryption, blocking access to critical data until ransom is paid.
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Rate Limiting

Mechanism that caps how many requests a single client may send within a time window; once exceeded, requests are rejected (HTTP 429) or delayed, protecting availability and curbing abuse.
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RBAC

A security method that assigns permissions to roles rather than individuals, ensuring users only access necessary resources.
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Reflection Attack

A network attack in which requests carrying the victim's spoofed IP are sent to reflector servers so their replies flood the target — the basis of DRDoS attacks.
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Resource Hijacking

Attack (MITRE ATT&CK T1496) in which an adversary uses a compromised system's compute, bandwidth, or services for their own tasks — from cryptojacking to LLMjacking.
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REST API

A way for applications to exchange data over HTTP in the REST style: each resource has its own address, you use GET/POST/PUT/DELETE methods, and the server keeps no session.
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RODO / GDPR

EU Regulation 2016/679 on personal data protection, in force since 25 May 2018. Sets out processing principles, lawful bases, people's rights and security obligations.
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Root Cause Analysis (RCA)

A data-driven method for finding the fundamental cause of a problem or incident, not just its symptoms, so the problem does not come back.
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RPO (Recovery Point Objective)

The maximum acceptable data loss measured in time after a failure — it sets how often backups and replication must run in a disaster recovery plan.
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RTO (Recovery Time Objective)

The maximum time to restore a system or process after a failure or incident before downtime starts to do harm. Set in the BIA and complemented by RPO.
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RTT (Round Trip Time)

The time from sending a packet to getting confirmation that it arrived. The basic measure of network latency, given in milliseconds.
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